Sleepwalking (also called somnambulism) actually involves more than just walking. Sleepwalking behaviors can range from harmless (sitting up), to potentially dangerous (wandering outside), to just inappropriate (kids may even open a closet door and urinate inside). No matter what kids do during sleepwalking episodes, though, it’s unlikely that they’ll remember ever having done it!

As we sleep, our brains pass through five stages of sleep stages 1, 2, 3, 4, and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. Together, these stages make up a sleep cycle. One complete sleep cycle lasts about 90 to 100 minutes. So a person experiences about four or five sleep cycles during an average night’s sleep.

Sleepwalking most often occurs during the deeper sleep of stages 3 and 4. During these stages, it’s more difficult to wake someone up, and when awakened, a person may feel groggy and disoriented for a few minutes.

Kids tend to sleepwalk within an hour or two of falling asleep and may walk around for anywhere from a few seconds to 30 minutes.

Sleepwalking is far more common in kids than in adults, as most sleepwalkers outgrow it by the early teen years. It may run in families, so if you or your partner are or were sleepwalkers, your child may be too.

Other factors that may bring on a sleepwalking episode include:

• lack of sleep or fatigue
• irregular sleep schedules
• illness or fever
• certain medications
• stress (sleepwalking is rarely caused by an underlying medical,emotional, or psychological problem)

To help minimize sleepwalking episodes:

• Have your child relax at bedtime by listening to soft music or relaxation tapes.
• Establish a regular sleep and nap schedule and stick to it both nighttime and wake-up time.
• Make your child’s bedtime earlier. This can improve excessive sleepiness.
• Don’t let kids drink a lot in the evening and be sure they go to the bathroom before going to bed. (A full bladder can contribute to sleepwalking.)
• Avoid caffeine near bedtime.
• Make sure your child’s bedroom is quiet, cozy, and conducive to sleeping. Keep noise to a minimum while kids aretrying to sleep (at bedtime and naptime).

The next time you encounter your nighttime wanderer, don’t panic. Simply steer your child back to the safety and comfort of his or her bed.